Facts About Tay-sachs Disease

A municipality Excellency - Benavente at the Royal Academy History

Chronica Minora

As noted by the strict rules of protocol and etiquette, the English councils may, for historical reasons, official and treatment of Honor, very noble, very loyal, very illustrious, etc., Without thereby necessarily apply on their mayors or members of the municipal corporation.
In 1971 Benavente full City Council agreed to request the title of "Excellency." The application was accompanied by the appropriate documentation of their history, art and most important monuments.

Behind this initiative should be pursued always restless personality Julian Cachon Gonzalez Benavente Mayor between 1967 and 1973, Attorney in the Third Family Courts in the province of Zamora (1967-1971) and the Provincial Deputy Judicial District of Benavente (1967-1974).
were, in any case, difficult years for the exercise of any public activity, let alone of politics, even for a modest town "of provinces." Years that it was risky to combine the service and dedication to the neighbors with a certain independence from the pressures and guidelines of the scheme. Benavente
then lived with the aftermath of the era of "development", which had operated a profound transformation of English society although not without its contrasts and imbalances. A small town, the head of a large region of clear guidance farming and cattle city began to be hoped, therefore, to enjoy the services and infrastructure inherent in any urban center. Julian's step Cachón by the session coincided with this crucial moment and his work was oriented from the outset to lay the groundwork to enable this change. The truth is that, despite the dwindling coffers and not a few tripping, the benaventanos able to attend a profound transformation of the urban fabric. Renovated water supply and sewerage, paving of the streets spread to the neighborhoods of the city, street lighting was upgraded, opened the Parador de Turismo and launched the Regional Hospital. In the cultural section, highlight the first rematch of the History of Benavente Ledo del Pozo and start "for safekeeping" of the original scrolls of medieval privileges of the town.

The application which we deal ended today calling in the Royal Academy of History, where one of its members, Melon Amanda Aragon (1895-1977) wrote a favorable report. His text would be adopted at its meeting on October 8, 1971 and published in the Bulletin of the Royal Academy History, Volume CLXX, N mere ú III, A ñ or 1973, pp. 605-608. The entire content is:

The Full Council Benavente City, Province Zamora, based on the motion of the Mayor, agreed to ask the honorific of "Excellent" .- It goes without saying that such a distinction, for if granted, will lie in honor of the city, turned into Excellency to be governed by the City Council. So training and parts attached to the record attempt to ennoble the city in its meaning, history and monuments.

I

appropriate two previous determinations. First, the secular do Benavente villa is granted city status a little more than four decades. This category is for the first time under the relevant heading in Census 1930. The popular feeling is still not yet fully understood what city, because it still says "Benavente, good town, but bad people" and his natural reply no less scathing: "He who tells lies, if good is the villa, best people ".- Second, only from 1834, start date of the validity of our provincial division, Benavente appears as membership in the province of Zamora. Before, leading the party of his name, was broken in the province do Valladolid. With the annexation of the Partido de Benavente, the Party Sanabria also Valladolid, and the western portion of the suppressed province of Zamora Toro acquires its current facies and with area equal to the average of the English provinces.

The city granted a title or honorific should be based on exceptional circumstances of life management and current or past significant events. In the best and most indisputable cases are brought together both circumstances, playing at the same time presenting awards in geographical and historical authorities of a city. Whichever the esteem they deserve the honors awarded population entities or body building complex that reflects as they exist, should be offered not happily or without good reason, which alone, on the other hand, institutions may suffer population or deserved the councils that succeeded.

adequate justification for position on the request of Benavente references are necessary when the city itself in its geographical and historical aspects. Benavente remains vital and number of inhabitants in the capital of their province. Within the scope of this form in the small group of municipalities upstream, and thus without any hiatus until 1960. Is expressed by reference to other demographics of the province of Zamora the following data: In the 1961-1960 intercensal period of its 305 municipalities reduce population 264, over 87 100. In the remaining 13 per 100 includes Benavente. The village and town of Benavente since the beginning of the century to the Census of 4959 goes into effect at 11,779 inhabitants. Representing an increase by 137 100, does that mean that the term of seventy years has considerably more than doubled its population. This demographic picture of happiness has only had a small break in the years 1961-1965, in which five starts decline in the number of inhabitants of Benavente, crisis, fortunately, saved widely in the second half of the intercensal 1961-1970. Benavente development giant, accused the peak between the years 1941 to 1950, due to a foothold in the industrial city, the birth of factories in the most different classes. This, of course, impacted on the plane or the linear progress of the city along major access routes do. But the good sense of its people, allied with their munícipes, has served to marginalize, in suitable areas, the dominance of iron and cement pretentious buildings, and to maintain the appearance and austere Castilian typically shoot in the city, demonstrated zeal for the ruined walls or fences and monuments whole of the past still preserved. Without prejudice to the common background models Castilian villages, Benavente, in the words of Archilla-Vigil, "is a strangely harmonious synthesis and humid and fertile orchards with ancient Romanesque and Mudejar rural flavor. It suggests a peculiar stamp Moorish east, at the same time, the old medieval irrigation and impose its hallmark in the brick buildings. "

With respect to its past, more or less remote, you can remember what follows .- Benavente, according to Gómez Moreno, corresponds to where Brigecium Roman. No record of him in the "Itinerary Adnotata "Antoninus Caracalla and restored by Miller wisely sector of" Itineraria Picta "of Castorius, commonly called" Taula Peutingeriana. " The old Benavente was crossed by important Roman road which went from Zaragoza to Astorga, the call for Fernández Casado Track Transversal del Duero. " Their scales between the initial and terminal points were: Allabone (Alagón) Turiaso (Tarazona), Numancia, Uxama (Osma), Clunia (Coruña del Conde), Rauda (Roa), Palencia, Intercacia (Villalpando) and Brigecium (Benavente) . In the Middle Ages is very likely that the strategic desert north of the Duero, consistent with the Moorish invasion Benavente affected and extensive outline. In the anguish of his abandonment almost joins the tense fear of the depredations of Mansur, conducted military incursions in the area NW of Spain .- Benavente enjoys great prosperity in the time of King Ferdinand II of León (1157-1988) . Which repopulated the villa gives his heart, begins the fence or wall, and the churches of Santa Maria do Azoque y San Juan del Mercado. Both churches, famous monuments Benavente, "took a little" (Gómez Moreno) of the Cistercian Moreruela. Cortes Fernando II held in Benavente, and here died in 1188 .- In the time of his successor, Alfonso IX (1188-1230), who both like to stay in the castle-fortress Benavente continued prosperity of the town, again helped by the holding of parliament in 1202. When he died Alfonso IX of Leon leaves the kingdom to his daughters Dona Dona Sancha and Dulce. data in Benavente and sign the agreement (1230) of the same name, which the queen Dona Dona Sancha and Dulce resign by flood damages, inherited the crown in favor of brother Ferdinand III of Castile Enrique .- Benavente Trastamara II gave the duchy to his title Fadrique bastard. In the days of the first Duke of Benavente the town is besieged by the Portuguese, the square held out for more than two months the tight encirclement. The heroic conduct of the besieged was awarded by King John I to privilege of tax exemption, at the same time, he founded the monastery of Santa Clara within its walls. For defection Fadrique was arrested by order of Henry III and died on the strength of Almodóvar, with Córdoba .-

In 1398 the lordship of Benavente, as head of the county of the same name, passed Don Alonso de Pimentel. During the years of Count IV, Rodrigo Alonso, Benavente reaches its peak. Rodrigo Alonso was favored first by Enriqne IV, who appointed him Duke, and then by the Catholic Kings, who bravely helped. By the time the annexation to the Duchy Puebla Sanabria and Carballeda Earth. Benavente continued prosperity of the fifth duke, who built the tower called the Caracol, in the first half of the sixteenth century. The Duke of Benavente was called one of the series of the grandees of Spain, founded by Emperor Charles V as the highest ranking noble .- In advance of the centuries, the villa still standing secular institution in it enough for mirroring , more or less intensity, Main bygone occur of Castile and Spain .- Because of its importance, not surprising that the Division josefina and frustrated Prefectural Spain (1810) appears as head ds subprefecture Benavente, constituting, with Astorga and León, Astorga Prefecture.

As such, it can be inferred that the geographical reality of Benavente, though prosperous, it has no singular extraordinary merit or potential estimate. Is one of many places of Castile recently launched industrial life, with abundant experience, lovingly cared for in bygone days.

More

worth, however, some historical circumstances in the small town in question. It should choose between those, the aforementioned agreement, which made possible the peaceful and definitive union of Castile and the kingdom of León, which means a first important step in the unification of Spain, not conclusive enough 1512. This alone, quite apart from other valuable facts sufficient to justify the request and desire of the City of Benavente. Furthermore, the granting of such an honor can serve as a stimulus to increase the voltage to a convenient point of city life Zamora.

estimated the undersigned to grant this request for this report, the appeal of the title of "Excellent" in the city of Benavente. The Academy shall, as always, the most convenient.
Images: 1. The Plaza Mayor and the City on a postcard of early twentieth century, 2, 3, 4 and 5. Various details of the old building of City Hall, 6. Casa de los Rodríguez, current City Council offices.

Hair Stylists Letter Of Recognition

the king died in Benavente - The decline of Fernando II of León

Chronica Minora

Very few certainties we have about the last days of King Ferdinand II of León (1137-1188). Unlike other medieval kings, chronicles just provide details about the causes and circumstances of his death. As pointed out by Julio González, since the royal chancery dispatched in those years with extraordinary generosity, and very partially, it is possible much of their acts were canceled at the successor to the throne, and therefore had to miss the diplomas.
Of the doings of the court in 1187, last year of the king, we know that on June 8 Fernando Benavente was with his son and his wife Urraca Alfonso Lopez de Haro, where he moved to Salamanca 13 Leon August and 13 September.

find the king in November in Santiago de Compostela, which released a privilege on the 8th to the monastery of Moraime. This news not measured by Julio González, gives some verisimilitude version maintained by some authors as Madoz, whereby the King of Leon have washed up in Benavente sick after a pilgrimage to the tomb of the Apostle.
In Benavente should be the royal family in December, since the 18th of that month Fernando advised the town council of the sale of the estate of Escorriel: "cum consilio et auctoritate regis filii sui et Domnius Fernandi domini regis et dominate Adefonsi regine Urrache Lupi. " (with the advice and authority of King Ferdinand, his son Don Alfonso and his wife, Queen Urraca López).
All indications are that the court spent the Christmas of that year in Benavente, perhaps with the monarch already seriously ill. The latest legal action documented by the royal chancery corresponds to January 14, 1188. That day, from Benavente, Don Fernando, his wife Dona Urraca, donated to the Bishop of Oviedo's third of the income of Avilés. It is very significant the absence of an heir, and this has given rise to all sorts of speculation.
Prince Alfonso was not the son of Queen Urraca López de Haro, third wife of the king, but Urraca of Portugal, his first wife, daughter of Alfonso I of Portugal and Mafalda of Savoy. Historiography attributed to the queen consort conspiracy to sit on the throne to his son Alfonso Sancho prejudice. Haunted by her stepmother in the last days of King of Leon, Alfonso would have been forced to leave the court and seek refuge Portugal, where the road met the death of his father.

The news of the death of Ferdinand II in Benavente is contained in the "Chronicon Mundi of Lucas de Tuy, where he was taken, almost verbatim, by other reporters later. The tudense, but errs in calculating the years of his reign, reports of his burial in the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, near the remains of his mother, Empress Berengaria, and his grandfather, Count Raymond of Burgundy:

"Caeterum rex anno regni Fernandus consummato congratulate fiftieth cousin, apud obiit Beneventum et in ecclesia sancti Apostoli Iacobi circa tumulum matris suae, et avi sui comitis Reymundi sepultus est ".

For its part, the" First Cr or unique General "tells of the events as follows: Et

this king Don Fernando de Leon, dell fixed Emperor brother of King et Sancho Castiello, finishes and with a good walk ç to your anno XXI in regno regno, fine in the village of Benavent: et buried it in the Sant eglesia of Gallizia Yague, near his grandfather lying Count Don Remond and near the Empress donna et Berenguella his mother ... Et fie heir of Don Leon Alffonsso, fixed this king Don Fernando et de la reyna ng Do to Urraca, fixed Alffonsso of King of Portugal.

The chronic Lucas de Tuy and Jiménez de Rada, the chronologically closer to the facts, fail to specify the month and day of death. To approximate this data debemosmos medieval use obituaries. Thus, in the obituary of San Isidoro de Leon, the "XII Kalends februarii" (January 21). However, the date most commonly accepted by historians is 22 January. The full record of that obituary, scored on dates close to death, is as follows: "Obiit famulus Fredenandus Dei rex, filius Imperatoris Adefonsi. Sub CC was M ª ª ª XXVI.
a sale at San Marcos de Le or notarized n on January 29, 1188 and entered the coronation of new king: "Regnante domna Adefonso Legione regeneration, Strematura, et in Asturiis Gallecia."
Sendos diplomas monastery of San Mart í n Casta ñ eda , dated February 1188, without specifying the d í a, suggest that it was still well aware of the death of Lion King, perhaps because they were celebrating the funeral, or at least remained a force í mourning. "Rege et filius eius Fernando obeunte succedent" and "Facta CC letter was M ª ª ª XXVI obitum ad regis mense februari Fernando. Regente Ildefonso rege in Legione, Gallecia, Asturiis, Extremadura. Another document m to s of a ñ or 1188 of this monastery again refers to the event: "Facta karta in was M ª dc ª XX th VI anno quo Mortuus est rex Fernandus accepit et filius eius regnum ".

The choice of the Cathedral of Santiago as a burial place seems to respond to the desire of the monarch to create at the tomb of the Apostle a new pantheon, relegating to second the traditional level of San Isidoro de León. Evidence of this are already in 1180, when Ferdinand II, with the advice of his curia meeting in Benavente, strengthen the church Santiago previous donations and the Foreign Ministry, chaplaincy and actual tomb for both him and his successors: "confirm et ipsi aecclesiae cancellariam grant, capellaniam et meam et sucessorurum meorum sepulturam."
These decisions are not surprising as the King of Leon maintained a special relationship with Galicia. They had spent his early years and there had his strongest political supporters. In Santiago frequently find on the cut, sometimes a political necessity, but also undoubtedly for religious reasons. You should also take into account the momentum created by the Crown for the construction of the basilica, the patronage of the teacher Matthew and his imprint on the Portico of Glory, but the king did not get to see the placement of your heads in April 1188. Finally, under the title of Apostle was put the militia of the "fratres de Cáceres" This is the Order of Santiago.
But after the death of the king in Benavente, plans should not take place as planned. In May 1188 his son Alfonso IX from Zamora recounted how, despite the clear desire expressed by his father to be buried in Santiago, unidentified persons had taken the body for burial elsewhere. It has always seen in this episode the hidden hand of the queen Urraca López de Haro, his stepmother, who was acting scene for a final attempt, ultimately unsuccessful, to preserve the rights to the throne of his son Sancho.

The original pantheon of the kings of the Cathedral of Santiago was built in an area of \u200b\u200bthe north transept, known as the Chapel of San Lorenzo. In 1211 Alfonso IX gave the tithe of the brands that were paid in Compostela to provide a priest who should celebrate daily mass at the altar of this newly constructed chapel: "in loco ubi pater meus rex Domnus Fernandus, bone memorie , sepultus altare est in honorem Sancti Laurencii statuistis construxistis et ut pro animabus Imperatoris, AUI mei, et iam dicti Patris mei, et auorurn meorum parentum necnon. Although the documentary references, very little is known about the grade setting of this area funeral, not as compartmentalized into the end of the cruise.
Here maintained until the royal tombs as a result of remodeling, under Charles I, moved to its present location, the call Chapel of the Relics, near the south aisle. When Moarales Ambrose visited the cathedral in 1572 warned the lack of some titles and identifying existing reservations about his identity:

"The Kings are buried in this Holy Church had on the cruise chapel next to the Gospel, to s behind the tall door of the cruiser, leaving the home of the Archbishop, but because it was at all disfigured and í the Church, and there was no place high honor, the Emperor, who est to Heaven, gave license from switching to the chapel of the council, called agora de los Reyes. All n est to its high stone tombs, which on the other chapel have an í distributed to the sides of the altar by this order. Next to the Gospel, King Ferdinand of Leon, son of Emperor Don Alonso, the brother of Don Sancho el Deseado. It é l est to his son King Don Alonso de Le or n, father of King Ferdinand the Saint. The graves do not have t t no titles, but be understood to mean being of the Kings already mentioned, for having understood and preserved as per tradition í or n of each other. "

By 1625-1630 the Royal Mausoleum was renovated and became the present Chapel of the Relics. has access from the lobby by an archway flavor mixtilineal Salamanca, on which weapons abound lineage Fonseca and a skull in the key . Is this a vaulted space with influences of g or franc é tico s, originally chaired by a magnificent Mannerist altarpiece, now largely lost. Should be at this time when they were added to each of the monuments new epitaphs, but not well known arguments. Gil González Dávila transcribed all the entries, including that of Fernando II, in his "Teatro metropolitan church of churches and cathedrals of the kingdoms of Castile," published in 1640:

Yaze

HERE THE EL REY DON FERNANDO DE LEON

SEGVNDO

, SON OF

SEGVNDO DON ALONSO RAMON EMPEROR AND EMPRESS

OF DOÑA BERENGVELA,

FIRST SV MVGER: DIED IN THE TOWN OF BENAVENTE

ERA 1226. AND MAN-DO

SEPVLTARSE in this chapel,

SV Grandparents JVNTO A COUNT OF DON RAMON

BURGUNDY AND MOTHER SV DA EMPRESS

BERENGVELA.

Serafin Moralejo A few years ago, based mainly on stylistic criteria, proposed a revision of traditional correspondence between graves and monarchs, so that the reclining sculpture attributed to Fernando II actually correspond Alfonso IX, and vice versa.
Images: 1. Tomb traditionally attributed to Fernando II [Courtesy Dirk van der EECKE] 2. Gold penny Fernando II, 3. Thumbnail Fernando II in Tumbo A de la Catedral de Santiago, 4. Detail of the tomb traditionally attributed to Fernando II [Photo courtesy of Dirk van der EECKE] and 5 . Epitaph of Ferdinand II, under Gil González Dávila.